A seed is basically the entire inner part of a seed forming plant that will turn into a new plant when it germinates. It’s a reproductive organ that survives for a long time and spreads by means of division. A typical seed has three basic components: (1) an Embryonic Derivation Zone, (2) a Seed Coat, and (3) the Seed Protrusion.
Embryonic Derivation Zone – this is the area of the seed that does not sprout. This portion is considered to be the ‘soft tissue’ of the seed. During dormancy, the length of this zone decreases as the seed production rate slows down.
Seed Coat – this is the outer protective layer around the embryo that protects it from harmful microorganisms. It consists of amino acids and sugars and forms the basis of the complete seed coat present in most species. The basic parts of the seed coat are the endosperm and the germ. Endosperm are the raw materials used in the budding process, while germ cells form the reproductive parts of the seed.
The germ cells are the actual reproductive cells of the seed. The endosperm forms the foundation of the maize grain. The maize grain then develops into a fruit wall that covers the germ. This procedure is repeated several times before the maize starts turning into berries.
Double Fertilization – this refers to the process by which a female gamete is transformed into a sperm and an egg at the same time in order for conception to occur. It is necessary in order for females to produce two gametes in order for conception to take place. The transformation of the seed coat occurs through the process of transposons and retrotransposons. Transposons are present in the nucleus of the plants while retrotransposons are present in the plant’s leaf blades.
Nucleic acid – this is a nucleic acid that is responsible for carrying information in the form of genetic instructions to the rest of the chromosomes in the plant’s structure. When a DNA sequence is formed a new strand of genetic information is created. This happens in the gametes as well as in the seedling. Nucleic acid is contained in every cell of the body.
Seed Dormancy – this refers to the gradual decrease of the time that seeds stay viable on the seed‘s surface. This happens due to various reasons. One of them is exposure to damage from radiation, air, heat, chemicals and so on. The other reason for seed dormancy is that seeds decay faster when they are exposed to different kinds of microorganisms or in case of over fertilization with commercial fertilizers.
Soil – this refers to the uppermost part of any plant part. Soil does not have any cells, it is simply the layer of dead material that has accumulated on top of the seeds. The word of cotyledon is usually used for non-cotyledon seeds such as wheat or rye. Cotyledon seeds are covered with endosperm and do not contain cotyledon. The word of endosperm is usually used for seeds that contain cotyledon (copper) and germ core (keratin). Seeds that are cotyledon but contain germ core are called dungs.
Fruit – this refers to the external parts of a plant. The seeds of flowering plants contain nectarine and the nectar that they produce is their food. The nectarine is not available in all fruits and they need a different variety. Sweet peas are the best source of vitamin C and B5 that are essential for the survival of all living things.
Radicle – this refers to the outermost part of a seed that separates it from its seed coat. The process of seeding occurs by separating the seed from its coat of water and nourishing medium, a process called dormancy. The term of dormancy depends upon the type of plants.
Flowering plants are ready to produce seeds when their leaves and petals drop off to create space for growing larger seeds. The production of seeds can take up to two weeks from the time of the fall. Once the flowers are fully developed, the leaves wilt and the flowers themselves begin to die. After a few days, the plants emerge from the ground and then begin to grow and reproduce. The process of germination also takes place at this point.
